The John Frum movement emerged on Tanna island around World War II, likely sparked by contact with US troops. Followers believe in John Frum, an American deity, whose name most likely originated from the introduction "John from America." The movement is one of so-called cargo cults, driven by the belief in heavenly gifts, anticipating more through prayers.
Emerging as a response to British and French colonial influence and Christian missionary efforts, the new faith resisted suppression of old customs. The Frum liturgy aligns more with animistic indigenous beliefs than Christianity, sparking animosity by colonial authorities of the time.
Every Friday, Frum followers conduct a communal gathering, singing religious songs from 8 pm to 8 am. The faith's most sacred items are American flags and World War II-era uniforms worn during the 15 February parade. The John Frum movement, now with around 200 followers, extends its influence with the political party Nagriamel, holding one seat in the Vanuatu Parliament.
Lamakara village, Tanna island, Vanuatu, 2023